Ko e vā ‘i he vaha’a ‘o Siaina mo Taiuani´ ‘oku kei fekainaki pē, talu mei he ‘ena matuku-ta’elesisita, ‘i he 1949´. ‘Oku fakatupu ai ‘a e fefusiaki ‘i he vā ‘a Beijing mo ‘Amelika´.
ʻI he ʻaho 1 ʻo ʻOkatopa 1949´, naʻe tala fakahāhā ai ʻe Mao Zedong ʻa hono fokotuʻu ʻo e Lepapulika ʻo e Kakai ʻo Siainá ʻi Beijing. Naʻe liʻaki ʻe he ngaahi kongakau fakafonua ʻo e paati Kuomintang ʻa Siainá ʻi he malumalu ʻo Chiang Kai-shek, ʻa Siaina ʻo nau hola ki Taiuani (ʻoku ‘ilo’i kimuʻa ko Formosa), pea nau toki faʻu ha puleʻanga ʻi he ʻaho 7 ʻo Tīsemá pea tapui ʻa e ngaahi fetuʻutaki kotoa pē ʻi he vahaʻa ʻo e Lepapulika ʻo Siainá) mo Siaina fakakominiusi´.
Pea ‘i he 1950, na‘e kau ai ‘a Taiuani ki ‘Amelika ‘o poupou ki ai, lolotonga e tau ‘a ‘Amelika mo Siaina ‘i Kōlea´. ʻI Sune 1950, naʻe fekauʻi ai ʻe he Palesiteni ʻo ʻAmeliká ko Harry Truman, ʻa e USA 7th Fleet ke nau tekeʻi ha ʻohofi ʻe ala fai ʻe he kau kominiusi Siainá ki Taiuani. ‘I he taimi tatau, na‘e kole ai kia Chiang Kai-shek ke ne langa ha ngaahi kolotau ‘i he matātahi ‘o Taiuani´, ke ta‘ofi ha ‘ohofi ‘e ala fakahoko ‘e Siaina.
Ko e Paati Fakalakalaka Fakatemokalati (DPP) ʻa Lai Ching-te, ʻa ia ‘oku lolotonga ‘i he pule’anga´ ‘i hono tolu taimi´, ‘oku nau vakai ki Taiuani ko ha fonua ‘oku pule’i ia ‘e ia pe pea ‘oku ai hono tu’unga faka-Taiuani makehe pea ko e lea Mandarin ‘a e lea faka’ofisiale ‘a e fonua´. ‘Oku mahu’inga ke fakatokanga’i ko Taiuani ‘oku ‘i ai pe ‘a ‘ene kau tau, ‘ene pa’anga, ‘ene konisitūtone, pea ko e taimi ni´ ko ha pule’anga kuo fili fakatemokalati ‘e he kakai´ – mei he 1949 ki he 1987, na’e pule’i ‘a Taiuani ‘e ha pule’anga fakakautau – ka ‘oku ‘ikai ke faka’ilonga’i ‘e he lahi taha ‘o e ngaahi pule’anga ‘i mamani´ ko ha fonua tu’u tau’ataina ia.
‘I he ‘aho ni, kuo faka’ilonga’i ia ko ha pule’anga tu’u tau’ataina ‘e he fonua pē ‘e 12 pea ‘oku te’eki ke tali ia ko ha memipa ‘o e ngaahi kautaha fakavaha’apule’anga´ he ‘oku fakamamafa’i ‘e Siaina ko e vahefonua ‘o’ona, ko e konga ‘o hono vahefonua, pea ‘oku ne ta’ofi ‘a hono fakakau mai mo hono faka’ilonga’i ‘a Taiuani ko e fonua ‘oku tu’u tau’ataina.
ʻI he taimi tatau pē, naʻe toe mālohi ange ʻa e ngaahi vā fetuʻutaki ʻa Taiuani mo ʻAmelika, ʻi he tupu ʻa e fakatau atu ʻo e ngaahi meʻatau mo e ngaahi naunau fakakautau, pea mo e fengaueʻaki fakapolitikale ʻi he tuʻunga māʻolunga, ʻi he taimi ʻo e palesiteni ki muʻa, ko Tsai Ing-wen, ʻa ia naʻe tokolahi ʻa e kakai naʻa nau poupou ki ai. Ko e ngaahi fakalakalaka ko ʻeni´ naʻe fakaʻita lahi ai ʻa Beijing. Kā neongo ia, ʻi he hisitōlia´, kuo tauhi pē ʻe ʻAmelika ha tuʻunga ʻoku ʻikai fakahā mahino fekauʻaki mo Taiuani, tautautefito ki he fehuʻi pē te ne maluʻi ʻa Taiuani kapau ʻe ʻohofi ia ʻe Siaina. ʻOku ui ʻa e tuʻunga ko ʻeni ko e “strategic ambiguity”, ʻa ia ko ha founga taumu’a pe ke ʻikai fakahā mahino ʻa e tali ʻa ʻAmelika ki ha fakatamaki pehē.
Kuo fuoloa ‘a e molomolo mai ‘a ‘Amelika ‘i ha ‘alunga ‘oku fakatou pelepelengesi pea toe fakatu’utamaki. Ko ia, ‘i he malumalu ‘o e tu’utu’uni ‘oku ui ko e “One China”, ‘oku fakamo’oni’i ‘e ‘Amelika ko e Lepapulika ‘o e Kakai ‘o Siaina´ ko e pule’anga fakalao pē ia ‘e taha ‘o Siaina. ‘Oku ne toe ‘ilo’i foki ‘a e tu’unga ‘o Beijing – ‘oku kau ‘a Taiwan ‘i Siaina, kā ‘oku te’eki ke ne tali ‘a e taukave ‘a e Paati Kominiusi ‘a Siaina ki he motu ni.
Ko Taiwan ‘oku ‘i ai ‘a e ‘elia ko e 36,197 sq km pea ko e tokolahi ‘o e kakai´ ‘oku fakafuofua ke ‘i he 23,400,000. Ko hono kolomuʻá ko Taipei, ʻa ia ʻoku tuʻu ʻi he tafa’aki fakatokelaú. Ko ia, ‘ikai ngata ai, ko ha kolo fakaonopooni mo’oni ‘aupito eni, pea ‘oku fakalakalaka hono ngaahi sekitoa faka’ekonomika ‘o nofo taha ki he fakatotolo fakasaienisi ‘oku tu’unga ma’olunga, ngaahi founga fo’ou ‘oku tō mu’a ia ‘i he tekinolosia lolotonga pea mo e ngaohi ‘o e koloa fo’ou ‘aki e ngaahi founga fakasaienisi moe tekinolosia fakaonopooni pea kuo fakanofo faka’ofisiale ia ko “alpha world city”, ‘a ia ko ha kolo ‘oku ‘i ai ‘ene kaunga tonu ki he ngaahi me’a ‘oku hoko fakasosiale, faka’ekonomika mo fakapolitikale fakamamani lahi.
Tānaki atu ki heni, ko e fonua eni ‘oku ne toe ‘o’ona ‘a e fanga ki’i motu iiki ange ‘e 168. ʻOku fakamavahe’i ia mei Siaina ʻe he Teleʻa Taiuani pea ʻoku fakakauʻāfonua’i ʻi he tokelaú ‘e he Tahi Siaina Hahaké, ʻi he hahaké ʻe he ʻŌseni Pasifikí, pea ʻi he Tongá ʻe he Tahi Saute Siainá.
Talu mei he 1960, mo ‘ene ‘i he vahaʻataimi ʻo e tupu vave fakaʻekonomika mo e fakalakalaka ‘o e ngaahi ngaue’anga ngaohi’anga koloa, pea kuo lea ‘aki ‘e he mataotao fakaʻekonomika tokolahi ‘o taku ‘aki ko e “Mana ʻo Taiuani.” ʻOku ohi hono ‘ekonomika´ ki he hū atu ‘o e ngahai koloa ki muli´ (export). ʻOku tuʻukimuʻa ia ʻi he tekinolosia´ pea ʻoku lolotonga hoko ia ko e ʻekonomika lahi taha hono 22 ʻi mamani´, lolotonga ia ʻoku tuʻu ia ʻi he fika 34 ʻi mamani ʻi he tuʻunga ʻo e GDP per capita.
Ko e tu’unga ‘o Taiuainʻi he mape ʻo māmani´ ‘oku hoko ia ko ha feituʻu mahuʻinga makehe ki he ngaahi mālohi lalahi ʻo māmani. ʻOku ʻi ai ʻa e mahuʻinga lahi fakafa’unga ngaue ʻo e motu´ ki ‘Amelika, koeʻuhi ko ʻene ofi ki he ngaahi fonua kaungāmeʻa vāofi ‘o’ona ʻi he feituʻu ko iá, ʻo hangē ko Siapani, Kōlea Tonga, mo Filipaini.
ʻIkai ngata aí, ʻoku lau ʻa e tele’a Taiuani´ ko ha halanga mahuʻinga ki hono fetuku ʻo e fefakatauʻaki fakaemāmani´. ʻOku toe fakafuofua foki ʻoku fakatupu ʻe he motú ʻa e peseti ʻe 60 ʻo e ngaahi microchip ʻi māmani´—ko e ngaahi kongokonga fakatekinolosia mahuʻinga ʻoku ngāueʻaki ʻi hono faʻu ʻo e ngaahi telefoni toʻotoʻo´ mo e ngaahi maka fakamaka ‘i he kalasi ‘o e lithium.
Ko e TSMC (Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company), ʻoku ʻuluʻi ʻofisi ʻi he Paʻake lahi Hsinchu Science Park, ko e kautaha lahi taha ia ‘i he semiconductor (pe microchip) ʻi mamani ‘aki e mahu’inga fakakautaha ʻoku $2.2 tiliona.
Ko e potupotutatau fakakautau ʻi he Tele’a Taiuani, ʻoku lelei moʻoni ia ki Siaina pea ʻe ngalingali ʻe ʻikai lava ʻe he motu ni ʻo maluʻi ia ʻo kapau ʻe ʻohofi ʻe Siaina taʻe ʻi ai ha tokoni mei tuʻa.
ʻI he malumalu ʻo Palesiteni Xi Jinping, kuo fakalahi ʻe Siaina ʻa hono fakaʻaliʻali ʻo hono malohi fakakautau´, ʻo ʻave ʻa e ngaahi vakapuna fakakautau Siaina, me’a faita vitio vakapuna (drone) mo e ngaahi vaka tau´ ki he takatakai ‘o e motu´ pea fakahoko ʻa e ngaahi ako fakakautau ko e fakateki ki he ngaahi fepotalanoaʻaki fakapolitikale ʻi he vahaʻa ʻo e ‘Amelika mo Taiuani.
ʻOku mahino ʻaupito ʻa e popoaki ʻa Beijing ki Taipei mo ‘Amelika´ mei he ngaue fakakautau ko ʻeni´: “Ko e tu’u tau’ataina ‘a Taiuani, ‘oku ʻikai fenapasi ia mo e melino´. Ko e meʻa fakalotofale eni ʻoku ʻikai ke ‘atā ha fiekaunga mei tu’a.” ʻIkai ngata ai, naʻe pehe ʻe Palesiteni Xi Jinping ʻi heʻene lea: “’Oku ʻikai lava ʻe ha taha ʻo taʻofi ʻa hono toe fakatahaʻi ʻo Siaina mo Taiuani´,” – ko e fakatokanga mahino ki he ngaahi malohi kotoa pe ʻoku nau poupouʻi e tu’u tauʻataina ʻi loto mo tuʻa ʻi he motu´.
ʻOku fie maʻu ʻe Taiuani ke taʻofi ʻe Siaina ʻene ngaue fakakautau ʻi he ngaahi potu tahi kaungaʻapi´, ʻa ia ʻoku ne pehē ʻoku ne fakavaivaiʻi ʻa e melino´ mo e maʻumaʻuluta´ pea uesia ai ʻa e fefolauʻaki mo e fefakatauʻaki fakavahaʻapuleʻanga´.
Kā ko e hā e ngaahi nunuʻa ʻo ha tau ʻi he vahaʻa ʻo ʻAmelika mo Taiuani mo Siaina ki he palanite´? Naʻe taukaveʻi ʻe ha fakamatala ʻi he Bloomberg kimuʻa, ko ha fepaki fakakautau ʻi Taiuani ʻe lava ke mole e ʻekonomika fakamamani lahi ʻaki e $10 tiliona, ʻo tatau ia ki he 10% ʻo e GDP fakaemamani lahi´, ʻo lahi ange ia ʻi he ngaahi nunuʻa fakaʻekonomika ʻo e mahaki kolona vailasi, tau ʻi Ukraine pea mo e palopalema fakapaʻanga fakaemamani lahi´. Pea ko e moʻoni, ko e toto ʻe lilingi ʻe taʻefakatataua.
ʻI hono fakaʻosi´, ʻoku ‘i ai ʻa e ʻamanaki ʻe ʻikai fakalalahi ʻa e ngaahi me’a ko eni´ pea kalofi ai ha fepaki fakakautau ʻi he vahaʻa ʻo ʻAmelika-Taiuani mo Siaina, ʻa ia ʻe fakatuʻutamaki ʻo ʻikai ngata pe ki he vahefonua´ kā ki he palanite´ kotoa.
